Combined type-writing and computing machine.



F. F. MAIN.

COMBINED TYPE WRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC-20, I910.

Patented 0ct.26,1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET I.

F. E. MAIN.

COMBINED TYPE WRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 20. I910.

Patented Oct. 26, 1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

fliiarn/ef COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH (0., WASHINGTON, n. C.

F. F. MAIN. COMBINED TYPE WRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 20. 1910. 1,157,3 4, Patented 00t.26,1915. -v 4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

@J .u V. A,

u v V x I I I I I l v F. F. MAiN. COMBINED TYPE WRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC-20, 1910.

Patented Oct. 26, 1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH co., WASHINGTON, D. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRED-F. MAIN, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR T0 JOHN T. unimnwoon, or BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

COMBINED TYPE-WRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 26, 1915.

Application filed December 20, 1910. Serial No. 598,278.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRED F. MAIN, a citizen of the United States, residing in Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Combined Type-WVriting and Computing Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to typewriting and computing machines, and particularly to that class of machines illustrated in United States Letters Patent No. 905,421, issued to Hans Hanson December 1, 1908, and in an application of Frederick A. Hart, No. 466,836, filed December 10, 1908, in which the numeral keys of the typewriter set up pins which determine the extent to which the computing wheels shall rotate; such rotation being effected by a common operator or driver which the operative controls. The computing wheels do not travel with the carriage of the typewriter, but mechanism is employed to enable the carriage to connect the keys with the computing wheels in succession, or at least with the rack by which the wheels are turned, beginning with the highest denomination.

It has been found that a careless operative will occasionally forget to attend to the movement of the operator, so that it fails to turn the computing wheels, and hence amounts set up by the keys are not added on the computing wheels.

One of the principal objects of the present invention is to overcome this difliculty.

I provide means whereby at the operation of any numeral key to write in the units place the computing wheel operator is automatically actuated from a suitable source of power, so that the operative need give no further attention to the machine than merely to depress the numeral keys; the ma chine automaticallycausing the computing wheelsto turn as soon as the writing of a number upon the work sheet is completed. Preferably the carriage and numeral keys are caused to cooperate to bring about this automatic action of the computing wheel operator; suitable connections extending from the keys to a source of power to cause it to actuate said operator; said connections including an interponent or part which is normally out of effective position, but which is movable into effective position by the carriage as the latter makes its letter feeding" movement to the units position. As soon as the movement of the operator is completed, the source of power is automatically shut off and said interponent is automatically returned to normal inoperable position. In the present instance my improvements are illustrated in connection wit-h a compressedair device for driving said computing wheel operator; but it will be understood that other sources of power may be used without departing from the scope of the invention.

One of the principal advantages of the present improvements resides in the pro vision for adjustability, whereby the units column can be disposed at any desired position of writing along the typewriter carriage, so that the column may be placed at any desired point in the line of writing; and wherever any column is written, the automatic devices operates at the writing of a number in the units place, to cause the computing wheel operator to perform its function.

A further advantage arising from my invention is found where cross-adding is performed, that is, where several columns are written and the numbers are added across the page instead of vertically; the automatic number-wheel operating mechanism performing this function at the conclusion of the writing of each number in each computing column or zone, so that when the operative has completed each line of writing without giving any attention to the computing wheel operator, the computing wheels will show the aggregate of the numbers written on that line.

Other features and advantages will hereinafter appear.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a diagrammatic side elevation of a combined typewriting and computing machine similar to that shown in said patent and pending application, in which the Underwood tvpewriting machine is secured upon a Hanson computing machine; such combined machines being well known in the art. In this figure the parts are shown in normal positions. Fig. 2 is a part-sectional elevation illustrating the manner in which a part of the carriage moves into effective position an interponent which is located between the universal bar (which is operable by all of the numeral keys). and a valve which. controls the pneumatic device, so

that at the next operation of any numeral key, the pneumatic device will be caused to actuate the computing-wheel operator. Fig. 3 is a part sectional rear elevation of the machine seen at Fig. 1. Fig. i is a perspective view of the interponent mechanism, and a part of the devices whereby it controls the pneumatic device. Fig. 5 is a plan of a portion of the typewriter carriage, and means whereby the carriage moves the interponent from the ineffective or silenced position seen at Fig. 1 to the effective position seen at Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is a side elevation similar to Fig. 1, but showing the type striking the platen, and also showing the piston of the pneumatic device at nearly the opposite end of its stroke from Fig. 1; the interponent having been operated by the key which is shown depressed at this figure, and the valve of the pneumatic device having been thereby opened, and tne piston thrust forwardly to the right of this figure by the admission of compressed air into the cylinder. Fig. 7 is a longitudinal elevation from front to rear showing the principal members of the computing mechanism.

In the Underwood machine, alphabet keys 1 and numeral keys 2 (said keys usually including a zero key) are mounted on levers 3, operating through bell cranks 4 to swing type bars 5 upwardly and rearwardly to strike against a platen 6 mounted on a carriage 7. Said carriage is driven by a spring barrel 8, connected thereto by a strap 9, and the carriage has a rack 10 to mesh with a pinion 11, the latter connected to an escapement wheel 12. Engaging this wheel are dogs 13, H, operated by a universal frame 15 carrying a universal bar 16, which is driven backwardly at every key stroke by a heel 17 on the type bar; said universal bar and frame being partly supported by rock-arms 18. Thus the carriage 7 is constantly under the control of the keys 1, 2, and is caused to feed a letter-space at each operation of key.

Each numeral key 2 is connected to means for determining the extent of rotation of a gang of computing wheels 19; the several keys having means for depressing the several index pins or devices 20 which are carried by bars 21 extending from front to rear of the machine, and movable forwardly and having on their forward ends racks 22 to mesh with pinions 23 loose on the computing wheel axes, and connected to the computing wheels by ratchets and pawls (not shown). From each numeral key drops a rod or link 24-, the lower end of which depresses an arm 25, each arm operating a linkage, one part of which 26 is in the form of a link or bar adapted to engage and depress the cor responding index pin 20, of which there are usually eighty-one. lhe rack-bar 21 has to be lifted to enable the pins to be depressed by the various links 26; and this lifting is effected by the paper carriage 7 of the typewriter, the rack-bars being lifted one after another as the carriage progresses in letter feeding direction.

Upon a rod 2'? fixed upon the carriage 7, are adjustably placed blocks 28, each carrying a pivoted wiper cam 29, in position to engage and lift (as the carriage moves in letter-feeding direction) a series of jacks 30 pivoted at 31 upon the framework, and at their rear ends bearing upon the tops of rods 32, which extend down to the computing base of the machine. The lower ends of the rods are pivoted at to the rear ends of levers 3%, the latter fulcrumed at 35 and extending forwardly to engage transportation linkages 36., said linkages carrying up- 8 standing projections 37, one for each of the rack-bars 21, to lift the latter. TV hen, therefore, the paper carriage arrives in position to write a numeral in the hundreds place, for instance, the wiper cam 29 lifts the hundreds jack 30, depresses the hundreds rod 32, vibrates the hundreds lever 34-, operates the hundreds linkage 36, and lifts the hundreds rack-bar 21, so that one of its pins may be depressed by a key 2. 95 At the next letter feeding movement of the carriage, the next iack, rod, lever, linkage and bar are similarly operated, and so on. In said Underwood-Hanson typewriting and computing machine, the rack bars 21, after one of the pins 20 on each thereof has been depressed or set, are driven forward bodily and simultaneously by means of a trans verse horizontal bar 38. Said racks turning the computing wheels 19, each to an extent predetermined by the position of the pin 20 which was set by the key 2. Said transverse bar 38 forms part of a general operator; and it will be understood that many other devices in said machine are also con nected to or operated by said operator; said other parts being omitted from the drawings for the sake of clearness. The movement of the entire operator, including the rack-driving transverse bar 38, is a reciprocating one; and said movement has been usually manually effected by means of a rock-shaft 39, having a segment 40 engaging a pinion 4:1 meshing with a rack 42 on a bar a3, forming part of the operator.

To the rack or bar 42 of the operator, which drives the computing wheels, is fixed, by means of an arm 514, the end of a piston rod 45, the latter secured to a piston 16, working in a cylinder 6L7 and forming part of the pneumatic device whereby the operator 43 is actuated and the computing wheels 19 are turned.

In the preferred form of the invention, the carriage 7 cooperates with the keys 2 to 130 bring the pneumatic device into operation. The connections extend from said cotiperating parts to a valve of the pneumatic device, but this connection is normally broken; it includes an interponent 48, which is normally ineffective or inoperable by the keys. The carriage, at a certain point or points in its run, moves said interponent to a positon where it can be operated by the keys, to enable the latter to control the pneumatic device. It will be understood, however, that the carriage and the keys may otherwise cotiperate for this purpose, and that, within the scope of the invention, the pneumatic device may be operated otherwise than by cotiperation of the carriage and keys.

The universal bar frame 15 on the type writing machine, which is driven backwardly every time that a numeral key 2 is operated, so as to vibrate the carriage-feeding dogs 13, 14, is adapted to press back the rod or interponent 48, whenever the latter shall have been caused to drop from the normal silenced position at Fig. 1, to its operative position at Fig. 2; this drop of said interponent being effected by the carriage 7 in a manner now to be explained. Vhen the interponent rod is pressed back by any type key, it causes the pneumatic device to operate. Said interponent 48 is connected by a link 49 to the rear end of the units ack 30, so that when the forward end of said jack is lifted by the wiper 29, and the rear end thereof is consequently depressed, the link 49 drops, and permits the interponent 48 also to drop into the effective Fig. 2 position; said interponent 48 being supported at its rear end in a bracket 50, and the link 49 being connected to the interponent between the ends of the latter. The link 49, it will be understood, is connected only to the units jack, (preferably caught over the same) so that the movement of the interponent 48 to the Fig. 2 position will occur only when the machine is ready for the writing of a number in the units place in any column of the work sheet. The carriage, by its movement from tens place to units place, causes the aforesaid adjust ment of the parts, which permits any key 2, when writing in the units place, to cause the pneumatic device to operate. Upon the in terponent 48 is fixed a lug 51, which may be in the form of an adjustable nut, to engage an arm 52 of a bell crank; the other arm 53 of which is connected by a pendent link 54 to an arm 55, pivoted at its lower end upon a stud 56 secured upon the framework. The point of connection of the link 54 to the arm 53 may be varied by adjusting the confining nuts 57 along said arm, so as to give more or less throw to the link 54. It will be understood (Fig. 3) that the arm 52 may be in the form of an eye or loop pendent from a horizontal rock-shaft 52, from the right-hand end of which projects rearwardly the arm 53.

Fixed upon the arm 55 is a dog 58, which normally engages a tooth or shoulder 59 upon a disk or head 60, forming part of a three-way valve inserted between a supply pipe 61, and an inlet pipe 62 provided upon the end of the cylinder 47; said pipe 61 leading to a tank 63 containing compressed air. In the bottom of the valve seat, is an outlet 64, which normally communicates with the interior of said cylinder 47 through the valve, which is of the threeway form, as seen at 65; communication being closed between the pipe 61 and the cylinder, so that the source of power is normally idle. The lifting of the link 54 swings the dog 58 to release the shoulder 59 and the valve head 60, whereupon a spring 66, normally in a state of compression, forces toward the left a slide 67, the latter having an arm 68 provided with a pin 69, loosely engaging a slot 70 in a crank or arm 71 fixed to thevalve or the valve-head 60, so that the valve is rotated from the closed position at Fig. 1 to the open position at Fig. 6, and compressed air is therefore admitted into the cylinder, driving the piston 46 to the right, as seen at Fig. 6. This movement of the piston advances the operator 42, and consequently the transverse bar 38 on said operator drives forward such of the rack-bars 21 as have keydepressed pins thereon, said bars driving their respective pinions 23 to turn the corresponding computing wheels 19.

At Fig. 6, the forward movement of the piston 46 is not quite finished; but it will be understood that the piston is finally arrested, together with the operator 42, by an adjustable stop 72 which is usually placed in the Hanson adding machine for arresting the initial or forward stroke of the com puting operator. The movement of the valve and valve head 60 under the power of the spring 66 is arrested in any suitable way, as for instance by the engagement of the pin 69 with the top of slot 70 in the arm 71; and in this position the valve is locked by a dog 73, which is snapped by a spring 74 beneath a shoulder 75 on the valve head. This dog 73 holds the valve open, and is particularly useful when the spring 66 (which is coiled around a horizontal rod 76 and is fixed at one end to the slide 67 and at the other end to the rod 76), is expanded and tensioned by the movement of the rod 7 6 to the right, 6. Said rod 76 extends rea-rwardly from an arm or stem 77 which is fixed to the piston rod 45 (or to the arm 44), so as to travel with the piston; the slide 67 being in the form of a sleeve mounted upon said rod 76. The spring 66 is intended first to press slide 67 rearwardly (while rod 76 is stationary) so as to open the valve, and then to pull said slide 67 forwardly, from the Fig. 6 position to the Fig. 1 position; said spring 66 being for this latter purpose caught at its ends in a manner already explained, so as to be pulled out and tensioned by reason of the movement of the piston rod to to the position at Fig. 6. The dog 7 holds the valve from returning dur ing the tensioning of the spring (56 in this manner. At the concluding portion of the forward stroke of the piston -16, a chain 78, connected at one end to arm 7'? and at the other end to the dog 73, releases said dog from the valve head 60, and permits the spring (36 to snap the valve from the open position at Fig. (5 to the closed position at 1 1; thereby closing the piston to the air supply 61 and opening it to the exhaust 641-, to permit the piston $6 to return to normal position. fhis movement of the piston, as well as of the operator i2 fixed thereto, is effected by a spring 79, which is provided for returning the operator and its connectcd parts to normal positions. It will be understood that spring 79 is sufficiently powerful to restore the spring 66 to its normal condition of compression, as seen at Fig. 1.

Fine adjustment of the operation of the dog 73 may be secured by means of a screw 80, to which the rear end of the chain 78 is attached, said screw threaded into said dog and secured by one or more set nuts 81. By adjusting the screw in or out, the release of the valve head 60 may be timed to occur at or close to the completion of the forward stroke of the operator s2, so that a full operation of the computing wheels 19 is assured. When the piston H3 returns to normal position, the dog 58 reengages the shoulder 59 on the valve head 60.

The blocks 28 are adjustable along the rod 27 on the carriage, and each block has a tooth 83 to engage a rack 84; these blocks being disposed in position to correspond with the usual column stops of the Underwood tabulating mechanism (not shown). it will be perceived that cross-adding may be performed upon the machine shown in the drawings: the cam 29 on each of the blocks 83 being adapted to operate the acks 30, whereby, during the writing of each line, computation may be performed of figures written in several columns on the work sheet. The number written in the second column is added to that written in the first column, and the number written in the third column, is added to the amount of the first and second columns, and so on; the addition being completed at the end of every line of vriting, and showing upon the number wheels 19. it will further be perceived that, in cross-adding, the automatic action of the COHIPUtlng-WllGQl operator occurs each time that a numeral is written in the units place in any of the columns; so that the operative needs pay no attention to manipulating said computing wheel operator during the operation of cross-adding. T his feature is of special value, because a rapid operative was heretofore liable to forget to pull the handle or strike the operator key occasionally during the operation of cross adding, owing to his mind being fully taXed by the effort of merely operating the figure keys to trans cribe the amounts upon the machine.

The usual handle 85 may be placed upon the operating rock shaft 39; and, if desired, a key 86 may be provided for operating the pneumatic device, said key projecting from arock shaft 87 extending from the keyboard backwardly to the rear of the machine, and carrying at its rear end a horizontal arm 88 to thrust up a link 89, the upper end of which is connected to an arm 90 provided upon the link 54, thereby lifting said link and releasing the dog 58, and causing the pneumatic actuation of the operator L2 in the manner already described; the parts again returning to normal positions, as set forth. A light spring 91 may be connected to the arm 90 and attached to a fixture, for returning the link to normal position, as well as the parts connected thereto. Each of the jacks 30 is returned to normal position by means of a suitable spring not shown. During the return of the carriage 'Z' to begin a new line, the wipercams, being pivoted, ride idly over the jacks.

It will be understood that one of the ad vantages gained by causing the carriage and the numeral keys to cooperate to effect the automatic actuation of the adding wheel operator, is that there is no liability of the pneumatic mechanism being unnecessarily operated merely by an independent adjustment of the carriage along the line of writing, such as frequently occurs; another advantage is, that where a column occupies the last writing spaces on the page, the movement of the carriage to the units space in said column completes the work that the carriage has to do in this connection; a third advantage is, that the keys are incapable of calling the pneumatic or other device into use except when writing in the units column. The air supply is restrained by the valve from operating the computing wheels or de- 'ices, and the spring 66 tends to open the valve, but is restrained by the dog or latch 58; and the only work put upon the finger keys is to trip said latch, which requires no appreciable power.

Variations may be resorted to within the scope of the invention, and portions of the improvements may be used without others.

Having thus described my invention, 1 claim:

1. In a typewriting and computing machine, the combination with a typewriter carriage, type-operating numeral keys, a let tor-feeding mechanism for said. carriage operable by said keys, computing devices associated with said carriage, means set by said keys for determining the extent of operation of the computing device, and an operator for moving the computing devices, of means connected to a source of power for actuating said operator, and automatic means dependent upon a movement of the typewriter carriage with relation to the units place for controlling the operation of said actuating means.

2. In a typewriting and computing machine, the combination with a typewriter carriage, type-operating numeral keys, a letter-feeding mechanism for said carriage operable by said keys, computing devices associated with said carriage, means set by said keys for determining the extent of operation of the computing devices, and an operator for moving the computing devices, of means connected to a source of power for actuating said operator, and means operable by any of said keys and dependent upon a movement of the typewriter carriage into position for writing in the units column, for controlling the operation of said actuat ing means.

3. In a typewriting and computing machine, the combination with a typewriter carriage, type-operating numeral keys, a letter-feeding mechanism for said carriage operable by said keys, computing devices associated with said carriage, means set by said keys for determining the extent of operation of the computing devices, and an operator for moving the computing devices, ofmeans connected to a source of power for actuating said operator, and connections for enabling said keys to control the operation of said actuating means; said connections including an interponent normally in inoperable position and movable by said carriage into operable position.

4L. In a typewriting and computing machine, the combination with a typewriter carriage, type-operating numeral keys, a letter-feeding mechanism for said carriage operable by said keys, computing devices. associated with said carriage, means set by said keys for determining the extent of operation of the computing devices, and an operator for moving the computing devices, of means connected to a source of power for actuating said operator, and means for enabling said carriage to cooperate with any of said keys to control the operation of said actuating means.

*5. In a typewriting and computing machine, the combination with a typewriter carriage, type-operating numeral keys, a letter-feeding mechanism for said carriage operable by said keys, computing devices as sociated with said carriage, means set by said keys for determining the extent of operation of the computing devices, and an operator for moving the computing devices, of means connected to a source of power actuating said operator, a device nor .mally disconnecting said source of power from said operator, means for enabling said carriage to cooperate with any of said keys to move said disconnecting device to connect said source of power to said operator, and automatic means dependent upon the movement of a part of the machine for returning said disconnecting device to normal position.

(3. In a typewriting and computing machine, the combination with type-operating numeral keys, automatic means for enabling any of said keys to write successively in places of different denominations beginning with the highest, computing devices and means set by said keys for determining the extent of movement of the computing devices, of an operator common to said computing devices and connected to a source of power, and automatic means for enabling any of said keys, upon writing in the units place, to control the actuation of said op erator by said source of power.

7. In a typewriting and computing machine, the combination with type-operating numeral keys, automatic means for enabling any of said keys to write successively in columns of different denominations beginning with the highest, computing devices, and means set by said keys for determining the extent of movement of the computing devices, of an operator common to said computing devices and connected to a source of power, automatic means for enabling any of said keys, upon writing in the units column, to control the actuation of said operator by said source of power, and automatic means independent of the keys for effecting disconnection between the operator and the source of power.

8. In a typewriting and computing machine, the combination with type-operating numeral keys, automatic means for enabling any of said keys to write successively in places of different denominations beginning with the highest, computing devices, and means set up by said keys for determining the extent of the computing devices, of an operator common to said computing devices, a source of power normally disconnected from said operator, normally ineffective connections extending from said keys to said source of power to enable it to actuate said operator, means operative at the actuation of any of said keys to write in the units place, for rendering said connections effective, and automatic means dependent upon a movement of a part of the machine, for disconnecting said source of power from said operator.

9. In a typewriting and computing machine, the combination with type-operating numeral keys, automatic means for enabling anv of said keys to write successively in places of diiferent denominations beginning with the highest, computing devices, and means set up by said keys for determining the extent of movement of the computing devices, of an operator common to said computing devices, a source of power normally disconnected from said operator, normally ineffective connections extending from said keys to said source of power to enable it to actuate said operator, means operative at the actuation of any of said keys to write in the units place, for rendering said connections ei'l'ective, automatic means dependent upon a movement of a part of the machine, for disconnecting said source of power from said operator, and means for automatically restoring said connections to inelfective condition.

10. In a typewriting and computing machine, the combination with type-operating numeral keys, computing devices, and means set up by said keys for determining the extent of movement of the computing devices, of an operator common to said computing devices, a pneumatic apparatus comprising a piston for driving said operator, a cylinder containing said piston, and a valve for controlling the movement of air in said cylinder said valve normally closed, normally in effective means extending from said keys to said valve to open the same. means operative at a predetermined point in the line of writing for rendering said connections effective, means dependent upon the movement of the piston for closing the valve, and means for returning said piston to normal position and restoring said connections to ineffective condition.

11. In a typewriting and computing machine, the combination with type-operating numeral keys, typewriter carriage controlled by said keys, computing devices, and means set up by said keys for determining the extent of movement of the computing devices, of an operator common to said computing devices, a pneumatic device connected to said operator to drive the same, normally ineffective means for enabling said keys to control said pneumatic device, means dependent upon the' movement of said carriage to a predetermined point in the line of writing for rendering said connections eiiective, means dependent upon said pneumatic device for terminating the movement thereof and returning it to normal position, and means for automatically restoring said connections to ineffective condition.

12. In a typewriting and computing machine, the combination with typeoperating numeral keys, computing devices, and means set up by said keys in any denominational order, for determining the extent of movement of the computing devices, of an operator common to said computing devices, anormally idle source of power for actuating said operator, and means for enabling any of said keys, when writing in the units place, to control the actuation of said operator by said source of power.

13. In a typewriting and computing machine, the combination with type-operating numeral keys, computing devices, and means set up by said keys for determining the extent of movement of the computing devices, of an operator common to said computing devices, a normally idle pneumatic device for actuating said operator, and means for enabling any of said keys, at a predetermined point in the operation of the machine, to cause said operator to be actuated by said pneumatic device.

l-it. A combined typewriting and comput ing machine comprising computing devices, a source of power for effecting a certain operation of said computing devices, a type writer carriage, numeral keys having means to control the movements of said carriage, and means to enable any of said keys to cooperate with said carriage to control the operation of the computing devices by said source of power.

15. A combined typewriting and computing machine comprising computing devices, a source of power for effecting a certain operation of said computing devices, a typewriter carriage, numeral keys having means to control the movements of said carriage, and means to enable any of said keys to cooperate with said carriage to control the operation of the computing devices by said source of power; the last-mentioned means including an interponent normally inoperable by said keys but movable by said carriage into effective position, to enable any key to cause the actuation of the computing devices by said source of power.

16. A combined typewriting and computing machine comprising computing devices, a source of power for effecting a certain operation of said computing devices, a typewriter carriage, numeral keys, means operated by said keys to control the movements '3 of said carriage, and means to enable any of said keys to cooperate with said carriage to control the operation of the computing devices by said source of power; the lastmentioned means including an interponent normally inoperable by said keys but movable by said carriage into effective position, to enable any key to cause the actuation of the computing devices by said source of power, said interponent being constructed for operation by said key-operated means.

17. A combined typewriting and computing machine comprising computing devices, a source of power for effecting a certain operation of said computing devices, a typewriter carriage, numeral keys, means including a universal bar operated by said keys to control the movements of said carriage, and means to enable any of said keys to cooperate with said carriage to control the operation of the computing devices by said source of power; the last-mentioned means including an interponent normally inoperable by said keys but movable by said carriage into effective position, to enable any key to cause the actuation of the computing devices b said source of ower said inoperation of power; and means for enabling said keys to act through said interponent to cause said operator to be actuated by said source of power.

19. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combination with a typewriter carriage and numeral keys having means to control the same, of computing mechanism including computing wheels or devices and also including a set of acks,

one for each wheel; a ack-operating device dependent upon the movement of the carriage; an interponent movable simultane ously with the units jack to a position to be operated by any of said numeral keys; said computing mechanism also including an operator for said computing wheels; a source of power; means for enabling said keys to actthrough said interponent to causesaid operator to be actuated by said source of power; and means to return said interponent and connected parts to normal positions, said carriage being returnable, to begin a new line of writing, without operatmg said interponent.

20. The combination with type-operating numeral keys and computing devices under the control of said keys, of means connected to a source of power and normally tending to cause said computing devices to be oper ated by said source of power, a latch restraining said means, and means to enable any of said keys to trip said latch.

21..The combination with type-operating numeral keys and computing devices under the control of said keys, of means connected to a source of power and normally tending to cause said computing devices to be ope ated by said source of power, a latch restraining said means, means to enable any of said keys to trip said latch, and means for returning the latch and its associated parts automatically to normal positions.

22. The combination with type-operating numeral keys and computing devices under the control of said keys, of a normally si lenced or idle pneumatic device connected to said computing devices to operate the same, means for causing said pneumatic de vice to operate a spring connected to said means, a latch for restraining said spring, and means to enable any of said keys to trip said latch.

A combined typewriting and computing machine comprising computing devices, a source of power for effecting a certain op eration of said computing devices, a typewriter carriage, type-operating numeral keys having means to control the movements of said carriage, means normally tending to cause said computing devices to be operated by said source of power, a latch restraining said operating means, and means to enable said carriage and said keys to cooperate to trip said latch.

2a. A. combined typewriting and computing machine having computing wheels, and also having type-operating keys, a carriage controlled thereby, and a pneumatic device also controlled by the keys to operate the computing wheels when writing in the units place.

In a combined typewriting and com puting machine, the combination with a typewriter carriage and numeral keys having means to control the same, of computing mechanism including computing devices and also including an operator for said computing devices; a normally inoperable interponent movable by said carriage to a position to be operated by any of said numeral keys; a pneumatic device connected to said operator and including a valve which is normally closed for preventing movement of the pneumatic device; a spring tending to open said valve; a latch normally restraining said spring; means to enable said interponent to release said latch; and means for restoring the pneumatic device and interponent to normal positions.

26. The combination with a set of computing devices, an operator therefor, and a set of numeral keys operatively associated with said computing devices, of a pneumatic device connected with'said operator and including a controlling valve, a spring tending to cause said valve .to open, a latch for restraining said spring, and an element operable by said keys, when writing in the units place in a column, and connected with said latch for'releasing the latter.

27. The combination with a set of computing devices, an operator therefor, and a set of numeral keys operatively associated with said computing devices, of a pneumatic device connected with said operator and including a controlling valve, resilient means for opening and closing said valve, means for latching said valve in both its closed and open positions, and an element operable by said keys, when writing in the units position in a column, and connected with said latching means for releasing the latter when the valve is in one of such positions.

28. The combination with a set of computing devices, an operator therefor, and a set of numeral keys operatively associated with said computing devices, of a pneumatic device connected with said operator and in cluding a controlling valve, resilient means for opening and closing said valve, means for holding said valve in closed position, means operable by said keys, when writing in the units place in a column, and con nected with said holding means for releas ing the latter to permit said valve to open, means for holding said valve in open position, and means for subsequently releasing the lastnamed means to permit said valve to close.

29. The combination with a set of computing devices, an operator therefor, and a set of numeral keys operatively associated with said computing devices, of a pneumatic device connected with said operator and including a controlling valve, resilient means for opening and closing said valve, means for holding said valve in closed position, means operable by said keys, when writing in the units place in a column, and connected with said holding means for releasing the latter to permit said valve to open, means for holding said valve in open position, means for subsequently releasing the lastnamed means to permit said valve to close, and means to return said pneumatic device and operator to normal positions after the second-named release.

30. The combination with a set of computing devices, an operator therefor, and a set of numeral keys operatively associatec with said computing devices, of a pneumatic device connected with said operator and including a controlling valve, resilient means for opening and closing said valve, means for holding said valve in closed position, means operable by said keys, when writing in the units place in a column, and connected with said holding means for releasing the latter to permit said valve to open, means for holding said valve in open position, and means for subsequently releasing the lastnamed means during the movement of the pneumatic device consequent upon the opening of said valve, to permit said valve to close, the last-named releasing means being adjustable to vary the time of such release.

31. A cross-adding machine including a set of keys, a set of key-controlled computing devices, including means for enabling any key to control computation in any denominational order, an operator for said computing devices, and means for enabling any of said keys, when writing in the units place in any column, to cause said operator to be actuated by a source of power.

32. The combination with a typewriter carriage and numeral keys to control the same, of computing devices including both number-bearing members and indexing devices, means to connect the keys with the indexing devices, an operator for the numberbearing members, and means to enable the keys, when writing in the units place in any column, to cause a movem nt of said operator, means being provided to aiiord adjust ment to permit the location of the columns at different points on the work-sheet.

33. In a typewriting and computing machine, the combination with type-operating numeral keys, and a carriage controlled thereby, whereby said keys are enabled to write in several columns during each lineof writing beginning with the highest denomination in each column, of computing devices, settable devices for determining the extent of movement of the computing devices, means for enabling said keys when writing in each column, to set said settable devices, an operator common to said computing devices, a normally idle source of power for actuating said operator, and means for enabling any of said keys, upon the writing thereby of a number in the units place in any of said columns, to cause said operator to be actuated by said source of power, whereby cross-computation may be effected.

34. In a typewriting and computing machine, the combination with type-operating numeral keys, and a carriage cont-rolled thereby, whereby said keys are enabled to write in several columns during each line of writing beginning with the highest denomination in each column, of computing devices, settable devices for determining the extent of movement of the computing devices, means for enabling said keys when writing in each column, to set said settable devices, an operator common to said computing devices, a normally idle source of power for actuating said operator, means for enabling any of said keys, upon the writing thereby of a number in the units place in any of said columns, to cause said operator to be actuated by said source of power, whereby crosscomputation may be effected; and means to afford arrangement of the written and computed columns in din erent positions across the work sheet.

35. In a combined typewriting and c0mputing machine, the combination with a typewriter carriage and numeral keys haverator to be actuated by said source of power; and means to return said interponent and connected parts to normal positions.

36. The combination with a computing mechanism including number-carriers and denomination selecting means, of numeral keys to cooperate with said computing mechanism to set up a number as determined by said selecting means, a power-driven general operator for driving said number-carriers simultaneously, and numeral-key actuated mechanism for controlling said general operator, controlled itself from said denomination selecting means.

37. The combination with a computing mechanism including number-carriers and indexing devices, of numeral keys to cooperate with said indexing devices to set up a number, a power-driven general operator for said number-carriers, and mechanism controllable by any numeral key only when setting up the final digit of a number, for causing said general operator to actuate said number-carriers according to the positions of the indexing devices.

38. In a typewriting and computing machine, the combination with a typewriter carriage, type-operating numeral keys, a letter-feeding mechanism for said carriage operable by said keys, computing devices associated with said carriage, means set by said keys for determining the extent of operation of the computing devices, and an operatorfor moving the computing devices,

I of means connected to a source of power for actuating said operator, and automatic means controllable by any numeral key at a letter-space determined by said letter-feeding mechanism for controlling the operation of said actuating means.

39. In a typewriting and computing machine, the combination with a typewriter carriage, type-operating numeral keys, a letter-feeding mechanism for said carriage operable by said keys, computing devices associated with said carriage, means set by said keys for determining the extent of operation of the computing devices, and an operator for moving the computing devices, of means connected to a source of power for actuating said operator, and means operable by any of said keys and dependent upon a movement of the typewriter carriage under the control of said letter-feeding mechanism for controlling the operation of said actuating means.

$0. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combination with im printing mechanism, of a work-sheet carrying carriage, computing mechanism including driving means and also including devices actuated concomitantly with the action of said imprinting mechanism, power means for actuating said driving means and means controlled jointly by said carriage in its traversing movement and said imprinting mechanism for causing the actuation of the aforesaid driving means by said power means.

i1. 1n a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combination with imprinting mechanism, of a work-sheet carrying carriage, computing mechanism including driving means and also including devices actuated concomitantly with the action of said imprinting mechanism, power means for actuating said driving means, and means controlled jointly by said carriage in its traversing movement and said imprinting mechanism for causing the actuation of said driving means by said power means; said carriage having predetermined points of travel corresponding to units column, tens column, hundreds column, etc., in the numbers being computed and imprinted, said controlling means being arranged to act concomitantly with the positioning of the carriage at the point corresponding to said units column.

42. In a typewriting and computing machine, the combination with a typewriter carriage, of type-operating numeral keys, traversing mechanism for said carriage operable by said keys, computing devices associated with said carriage, means set by said keys for determining the extent of operation of the computing devices, an operator for moving the computing devices, power means for actuating said operator, and means controlled jointly by said carriage in its traversing movement with relation to the units place or position, and by said keys for controlling the operation of said power means.

43. In a typewriting and computing ma chine, the combination with a typewriter carriage, of type-operating numeral keys, traversing mechanism for said carriage operable by said keys, computing devices associated with said carriage, means set by said keys for determining the extent of operation of the computing devices, an operator for moving the computing devices, power means for actuating said operator, and means controlled jointly by said carriage, in its traversing movement, and by said keys for controlling the operation of said power means.

44. In a typewriting and computing machine, the combination with a typewriter carriage, of type-operating numeral keys, computing devices associated with said carriage, means set by said keys for determining the extent of operation of the computing devices, an operator for moving the computing devices, power actuating means for said operator, and connections for enabling said keys to cause said actuating means to operate; said connections including an interponent normally in inoperable position and movable by said carriage into operable position.

In a typewriting and computing machine, the combination with type-operating numeral keys, of automatic means for enabling any of said keys to write successively in places of different denominations beginning with the highest, computing devices, means set by said keys for determining the extent of movement of the computing devices, an operator common to said computing devices, power means for actuating said operator, and automatic means for enabling any of said keys, upon writing in the units place, to cause said operator to be actuated by said power means.

L6. In a typewriting and computing machine, the combination with type-operating numeral keys, of automatic means for enabling any oi said keys to write successively in places of different denominations beginning with the highest, computing devices, means set by said keys for determining the extent of movement of the computing devices, an operator common to said computing devices, power means for actuating said operator, automatic means for enabling any of said keys, upon writing in the units column to cause said operator to be actuated by said power means, and means independent of the keys for effecting this connection be tween the operator and said power means.

L7. in a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combination with a typewriter carriage and numeral keys having means to control the same, of computing mechanism including computing wheels or devices and also including a set of jacks, one for each wheel, a jack-operating device dependent on the movement of said carriage, an interponent movable simultaneously with the units jack to a position to be operated by any of said numeral keys, said computing mechanism also including an operator for said computing wheels, power means, and means for enabling said keys to act through said interponent to cause said operator to be actuated by said power means.

as. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combination with a typewriter carriage and numeral keys having means to control the same, of computing mechanism including computing wheels or devices and also including a set of jacks, one for each wheel, a jack-operating device dependent upon the movement of the carriage, a normallyineidective interponent movable by the units jack to a position to be operated by any or said numeral keys, said computing mech nism also including an operator for said computing wheels, power means, means operated by said interponent for enabling said keys to act through said interponent to cause said operator to be actuated by said power means, and means for returning said last-named means and connected parts to normal positions.

L9. The combination, with a typewriting mechanism, including numeral keys and a letter-feeding carriage; of a computing mechanism including indexing devices for setting up a number composed of a plurality of digits, and also including a normallysilent general operator capable of running up at one operation the number set up on all oi said indexing devices; and a connection between said carriage and said computing mechanism acting automatically, during the letter-feeding movement of said carriage, upon the conclusion of the setting up of such number on the indexing devices, which takes place on depression of a key in the units column, to momentarily assume control of the activity of said general operation, and means to cause said connection to instantly release control of the activity of said general operator after said general operator has been started into action.

50. The combination with a typewriting mechanism having a traveling carriage, of acomputing mechanism including a computing head and means to run up numbers on said computing head, said carriage and said computing mechanism having a zone in which computation is accomplished, said carriage in its travel determining the computing Zone, and automatic means for automatically causing the running up of numbers on said computing head at the end of accomplishing said computation.

51. The combination with a computing head, of a traveling member advancing step by step in a computing Zone to enable the setting up of a preliminary representation of all the digits of a number to be computed, and automatic means for spontaneously running up said number on said computing head when the end of the computing Zone determined by said traveling member is reached.

52. The combination, with numeral keys, and a letter-feeding typewriter carriage; of computing devices associated with said carriage; an operator for actuating all of said computing devices simultaneously; devices in which a number consisting of a plurality or" digits is temporarily indexed; a motor for actuating said operator; and means dependent upon the letter-feeding movement of said typewriter carriage at the conclusion of the setting up of such number on the indexing devices, which takes place on depression of a key in the units column, for connecting said operator to be actuated by said motor, to carry the number so indexed into said computing devices.

53. The combination with a computing head, of a traveling member advancing step by step in a computing zone, to enable the indexing of all of the digits of a number to be computed, and automatic means actuated by the movement of said traveling member out of said Zone, for enabling the running up of the indexed number on said comput ing head.

54. The combination with a typewriting mechanism arranged to write lines of typewriting, of a computing mechanism arranged to index a series of digits of a number to be computed, and automatic means for repeatedly operating said computing mechanism to run up indexed numbers several times during the writing of a line.

55. The combination with denomination selecting means, of recording means, indexing means, registering means, and means dependent on the cooperation of said selecting and recording means to carry numbers set up by said indexing means into said registering means.

56. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combination with a computing mechanism including devices in which numbers are temporarily indexed, and also including a totalizer, of printing means, a general operator for carrying the numbers so indexed into said totalizer, a carriage for determining automatically when said operator may be effective, and means connected with said printing means to operate simultaneously therewith, for making said operator actually efiective.

57. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combination with a typewriter carriage adapted to include several columns of written numbers, of a computing mechanism including an indexing device, computing wheels into which the indexed numbers may be caried, and means for automatically carrying the numbers so indexed into said computing wheels by the operation of writing a digit in the units place in each column.

58. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combination with a traveling carriage, of tappets on said carriage forming denomination selectors, in-

dexing devices in which numbers are set up as determined by said denomination selectors, computing wheels, and means for automatically carrying the set up numbers into the computing wheels Whenever a tappet has been effective to effect a computation in the units place in any column.

59. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combination with a traveling carriage, of tappets settable on said carriage forming denomination selectors, indexing devices in which numbers are set up as determined by said denomination selectors, computing wheels, and means for auto-matically carrying the set up numbers into the computing wheels whenever a tappet has been effective to effect a computation in the units place in any column.

('30. In a computing machine, the combination with numeral keys, a traveling carriage and computing wheels, of indexing devices in which numbers are temporarily set up by said keys, a source of power, connections for carrying the numbers so set up into said wheels by said source of power, an interponent for determining when said source of power shall be effective, and a tappet on said carriage to determine how the numbers are set up, and to automatically move said interponent into effective position.

61. The combination with a typewriting mechanism, including a letter-feeding carriage, of a computing mechanism including a normally silent general operator, a source of power for driving said general operator, a normally ineil'ective interponent for determining when said source of power shall be effective, a tappet on said carriage to move said interponent into efiectiveposition, said tappet being adjustable with relation to said carriage to vary the time of such movement, and means associated with said source of power for carrying said general operator through a single complete cycle of operation.

62. The combination with a typewriting mechanism including a letter-feeding carriage, of a computing mechanism including i a normally silent general operator, a source of power for driving said general operator, a normally ineffective interponent for determining when said source of power shall be eiiective, means intermittently operated and adapted to operate through the interponent if effective, a tappet on said. carriage to move said interponent into position to become effective, through said intermittent means, said tappet being adjustable with relation to said carriage to vary the time of such movement, and means associated with said source of power tor carrying said general operator through a single complete cycle of operation.

63. In a computing machine, the combination with numeral keys, a traveling carriage and computing wheels, of indexing devices in which numbers are temporarily set up by said keys, a source of power, con

nections for carrying the numbers so set up into said wheels by said source of power, and an interponent moved by said carriage into position for cooperation with said keys to render said source of power effective.

(3aln i computing machine, the combi- 1 on, with numeral keys, a traveling carant computing wheels; of indexing s in which a number comprising sev is temporarily set up by said source of power; connections for the number so set up into said d source oi power; connections means connected with the ections nd moved by said -lGClel1Bll11ll1Cl point in its 1 111 "1 'onclusion of the setting up of the number in said indexing devices, to opcrate Lair secoiid-iia1ned connections; and in n lcnt n nually-operated means also ed wi L119 same ilo any point in 65. *1 a computing machine, the combinan with numeral keys and a traveling carof computing wheels, indexing dciccs in hich numbers are temporarily set said cara is for carrying said numbers into is, source of power for so carryn, means intermitt ntly operative by normally ine'l'lective interponeut operated by said intermittent 5 id source of power eiiectivc id numbers, and means said carriage tor movng sa d Ve position.

in keys as dete mined by up by sa -o ell'eci i a combined typewriting and commachine, the combination with a er car iage, of type-operating nutvnc ineral lie s, con'iputing devices, said numeral l I connected to control said carriz. uni .id compu devices, a reciprocatory general operator for said computing l actuate all of them ie to r I a power-driven actuating 4, Us ar '1- 1 r. '1 a V .t (caudal. oucc ,y to salt genera rater for rcciprocatory movement therc- 1n ans controllable con ointly by -nd said carriage for causing the ur 1 of said actuating element.

(37. in a combined typewriting and com puing machine, the combination with a.

tancously,

to the same for reciprocatory movement therewith; and automatic means associated with the general operator for enabling the silencing oi? said actuating element and said general operator after the latter has perimed a certain cycle or movements.

l he combination, with computing dericcs; of a reciprocating general operator t 11' driving said computing device; a tr: veiling arriage; reciprocatory actuating element for said general opera tor connected the same for reciprocatory movement therewith; autoi'natic means for enabling the starting of said acti ating element from said carriage; and connections enabling the silencing of saic general operator and said actuating element after the general operator has performed a ccrta in cycle of movements.

70. In combined typewriting and computing machine, the combination with computing devices, of power DTRDS for operating said computin devices, a traveling carriage, numeral keys connected to cont ol both the movements of said carriage an d the action of said computing devices, and controlling means for sa d power means brought into play by a simultaneous cooperative action of said carriage and said numeral keys, to enable an operation of said computing devi cs.

71. In a combined typci ng and computin machine, the combination with a plurality of computing device, of PO. means for erlccting an operation of said computing devices, a traveling carriage, numeral keys for controlling both the traveling movements of said carriage and the action of said comp iting devices, interponent mechanism for bringing said power means into active play, said interponent mechanism being nor mally inoperable, and connections enabling said traveling carriage to bring said inter ponent mechanism within the sphere of operation of said numeral keys, so as to bring into play said power me: ns.

72. In a combined tpc-i\ 'riting an puting machine, the combination witn puting devices, of power means for e ing an operation of said computing devices, a t'aveling carriage, numer; keys tor controlling the movements of said carr'agc and the action of said computing devices, controlling means for bringin said power means into active play, said controlling means being normally beyond the spacre of operation of said keys, and connections enabling said traveling carriage to bring said controlling means subservient to said keys, so as to enable the bringing into play of said power means.

73. The combination with a typewriter carria 'e and type-operating numeral keys to control the same, of computing mechanism including devices in which numbers are indexed, members traveling with said carriage to connect the keys with the indexing'devices, a general operator for simultaneously actuating said indexing devices, and means operable automatically by the keys when writing inthe units place in any column to automatically cause the movement of said operator, said traveling members being adjustable with relation to said carriage to permit the columns to be written at dififerent points on the work-sheet.

7 4E. The combination of computing mechanism, an operator therefor, a prime mover for driving said operator, type-operating keys, a carriage controlled thereby, and means controlled conjointly by said keys and said carriage for automatically actuating said prime mover substantially upon writing in the units place.

75. In a machine of the character described, a typewriter including a stepbystep feeding carriage, a counter-operating mechanism, a source of power, and means controlled by the carriage at column intervals during each advance thereof for automatically causing the operation of the counter-operating mechanism by the source of power, to obtain the sum of the various numbers written at one advance of the carriage.

76. The combination with a power-driven computing mechanism, of a letter-feeding carriage, means controlled thereby at column intervals in the advance thereof for causing the computing mechanism to operate, a set of numeral keys, and means controlled by said keys for determining the extent of movement of the computing mechanism, to obtain the sum of the various numbers written at one advance of the carriage; said computing mechanism including a member connected to have a denominational step-by-step movement at the feeding movement of the carriage.

77. The combination with a computing mechanism including a carriage, of a motor for. driving said computing mechanism, and a plurality of members movable with said carriage to accomplish automatic drive of said computing mechanism by said motor a plurality of times in a single run of the carriage, to obtain the sum of the various numbers written during the run.

78. The combination with a computing wheel, of a rack bar for said computing wheel, a pin on said rack bar settable to determine the extent of movement thereof, a general operator arranged to engage said pin to drive said rack bar, and a key connected to concomitantly set said pin and start said general operator in motion.

79. The combination with a computing head, of a normally silent rack bar for said computing head, a general operator for driving said rack bar normally ineffective for such purpose, a pin on said rack bar settable to enable the drive thereof by said general operator, a normally silent motor for driving said general operator, and a key connected to concomitantly set said pin and incite said motor to action.

80. The combination with a typewriter carriage, numeral keys to letter feed the same, computing devices including both number-bearing members and indexing devices, means to connect the keys with the indexing devices, and an operator for the number-bearing members, of means dependent upon a letter-feeding movement of said carriage to enable the keys when writing in the units place in any column to cause a movement of said operator.

81. The combination with a carriage, writing and indexing devices, and denomination-selecting devices including a plurality of dogs to be effective at difi'erent portions of the run of said carriage, of a motor for driving certain members of said computing mechanism, and means operable by each of said dogs to accomplish automatic drive of said motor; whereby the sum of the various numbers written and indexed during a single run of the carriage is automatically obtained.

82. In a computing machine, the combination of a set of denominational jacks, means controlled by said jacks for setting up numbers, means for running up the set-up numbers, and a motor for operating said running-up means; one of said jacks having two functions, one to control the denomination in setting up the number, and the other to control the operation of said running-up means by said motor.

83. The combination with a typewriting mechanism, of a computing mechanism, a jack actuated from said typewriting mechanism, connections from said ack enabling it to control the setting up of a number in said computing mechanism, and connections enabling said jack to control the running-up of a number previously set up in said computing mechanism.

FRED F. MAIN.

Witnesses:

K. FRANKFORT, C. RIPLEY.

copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Paten Washington, I). C. 

